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Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
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Slit ventricle syndrome: Historical considerations, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment review

Dimitrios Panagopoulos1, Ploutarchos Karydakis2, Marios Themistocleous1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Pediatric Hospital of Athens, "Agia Sophia,", Athens, Greece.

Brain Circulation
|October 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Slit ventricle syndrome, a complication of childhood hydrocephalus shunt treatment, presents symptoms similar to shunt failure. This review analyzes its characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatments, highlighting the need for updated concepts on shunt over drainage.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Neurology
  • Medical Device Complications

Background:

  • Shunt treatment for childhood hydrocephalus can lead to complications.
  • Slit ventricle syndrome (SVS), also known as symptomatic ventricular coaptation, is a recognized complication.
  • SVS symptoms often mimic those of shunt failure in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of knowledge regarding SVS over several decades.
  • To analyze clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment options for SVS.
  • To discuss the ongoing discrepancies in understanding SVS etiology and optimal management.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science.
  • Keywords used included "slit ventricles," "slit ventricle syndrome," "SVS," and "ventricular coaptation."
  • Review and synthesis of existing research on SVS.

Main Results:

  • The review identifies diverse proposed treatment modalities and implicated pathophysiologic mechanisms for SVS.
  • Discrepancies persist among researchers regarding the primary cause and ideal treatment algorithm for SVS.
  • The necessity for an updated understanding of shunt over drainage as a contributing factor is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Slit ventricle syndrome is a complex entity requiring further detailed investigation.
  • Understanding shunt over drainage and its role in SVS is crucial for improved patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to establish a definitive etiology and optimize treatment strategies for SVS.

Keywords:
Anti-siphon deviceprogrammable valveslit ventricleupgrade of opening pressure

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