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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula01:29

Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula

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Oxygen therapy is critical to patient care, especially for those struggling with respiratory issues. This intervention increases the oxygen concentration in the lungs, enhancing the amount of oxygen transported to the body's tissues. One standard method of delivering supplemental oxygen is through a nasal cannula, a non-invasive device that provides low to medium oxygen concentrations.
Nasal Cannulas
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split into two prongs placed in the nostrils,...
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Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

Administering Oxygen by Mask

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Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
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Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

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Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

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Performance of Different Low-Flow Oxygen Delivery Systems.

Frédéric Duprez1, Florence Dupriez2, Julien De Greef3

  • 1Unité de soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier EpiCURA, rue de Mons 63, 7301 Hornu, Belgium and Laboratoire de physiologie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgium.

Respiratory Care
|October 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The double-trunk mask provided the highest oxygen concentration in a lung model, outperforming other systems, especially with leaks. This system is crucial for consistent oxygen delivery in acute hypoxemia treatment.

Keywords:
double-trunk masklow-flow oxygen therapynon-rebreather maskoxygen face maskperformancerespiratory distress

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Consistent and high inspired oxygen concentration is vital for treating acute hypoxemia.
  • Low-flow oxygen therapy systems are commonly used but their efficacy varies.
  • Understanding device performance under different physiological conditions is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effective inspired oxygen concentration delivered by various low-flow oxygen systems.
  • To compare performance across different oxygen flows and simulated respiratory patterns.
  • To assess the impact of leaks on oxygen delivery efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • An adult lung model was used with volume control ventilation to simulate respiratory patterns.
  • Nasal cannula, simple face mask, non-rebreather mask, and double-trunk mask were tested.
  • Oxygen concentration was measured at varying oxygen flows (10-15 L/min) and inspiratory flows (22.5-45.0 L/min), with and without simulated leaks.

Main Results:

  • All systems showed increased oxygen concentration with higher oxygen flows.
  • Increased inspiratory flow reduced oxygen concentration for nasal cannula and simple face mask.
  • The double-trunk mask delivered significantly higher oxygen concentration (84.2%) than non-rebreather (68.5%) and simple face mask (60.8%) when sealed; leaks minimally impacted its performance.

Conclusions:

  • The double-trunk mask demonstrated superior oxygen delivery compared to other tested systems.
  • Its performance advantage was particularly pronounced in the presence of leaks.
  • This suggests the double-trunk mask may offer more reliable oxygenation in clinical settings.