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Identification of Hub Genes in Tuberculosis via Bioinformatics Analysis
Tiancheng Zhang1, Guihua Rao2, Xiwen Gao3
1Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
|October 21, 2021
Summary
This study identifies key genes involved in tuberculosis (TB) by analyzing gene expression differences between latent and active pulmonary TB. These identified hub genes, including CTLA4, GZMB, GZMA, and PRF1, offer potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for TB.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health challenge caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
- Understanding the host's genetic response is crucial for TB diagnosis and treatment.
- Key genes driving the host response in TB remain largely unidentified.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes in TB.
- To elucidate the underlying gene networks and signaling pathways in TB pathogenesis.
- To explore potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for TB.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of the GSE11199 dataset comparing latent and pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Utilized GEO2R for DEG identification, KEGG and GO for pathway enrichment analysis.
- Constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using STRING to identify hub genes.
- Validated hub gene expression and analyzed pathways using GSEA.
Main Results:
- Identified 98 DEGs (91 upregulated, 7 downregulated) between latent and pulmonary TB.
- Upregulated DEGs enriched in pathways like cytokine-mediated signaling and JAK-STAT signaling.
- Identified four hub genes: CTLA4, GZMB, GZMA, and PRF1, with higher expression in pulmonary TB.
- GSEA revealed associations with proteasome and primary immunodeficiency pathways.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights the coordination of pathogenic genes in TB infection.
- Identified hub genes (CTLA4, GZMB, GZMA, PRF1) show potential as diagnostic biomarkers for TB.
- These genes offer novel molecular targets for developing future TB treatments.
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