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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform
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Rapid genetic screening with high quality factor metasurfaces.

Jack Hu1, Fareeha Safir2, Kai Chang3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Arxiv
|October 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new label-free genetic screening platform uses silicon nanoantennas for rapid, cost-effective DNA analysis. This technology enables sensitive detection of gene fragments, advancing personalized medicine and diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Current genetic analysis methods like PCR and NGS are costly and time-consuming due to sample amplification requirements.
  • Existing technologies often rely on fluorescence or absorbance, limiting speed and increasing complexity.
  • There is a need for faster, more efficient, and cost-effective genetic screening platforms.

Approach:

  • Developed a label-free genetic screening platform utilizing high-quality (high-Q) factor silicon nanoantennas.
  • Functionalized nanoantennas with nucleic acid fragments to create dense arrays (160,000 pixels/cm$^2$).
  • Leveraged localized electromagnetic field enhancements for sensitive and specific DNA hybridization detection.

Key Points:

  • Achieved femtomolar concentration detection of SARS-CoV-2 gene fragments (E and ORF1b) using nanoantennas with an average Q factor of 2,200.
  • Demonstrated high specificity sensing in clinical nasopharyngeal samples within 5 minutes.
  • Platform is amplification-free, enabling rapid, compact, and high-throughput multiplexed genetic screening.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nanoantenna platform offers a foundation for advanced medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
  • This label-free approach significantly reduces processing time and cost compared to traditional methods.
  • Enables rapid, sensitive, and specific genetic analysis for diverse applications.