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Related Concept Videos

Pumped Concrete01:13

Pumped Concrete

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Concrete in large quantities can be pumped across long distances for placing in inaccessible sites. This system comprises a hopper that receives concrete from a mixer, a pump to propel the concrete, and pipelines that facilitate its delivery.
For direct-acting pumps, the concrete enters the pump via the inlet valve under the action of gravity and suction created by the movement of the piston. This concrete is then forced into the pipeline and out through the outlet valve by the forward movement...
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ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
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ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
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ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
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A Tactile Automated Passive-Finger Stimulator TAPS
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Active mechanisorption driven by pumping cassettes.

Liang Feng1, Yunyan Qiu1, Qing-Hui Guo2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces mechanisorption, a new adsorption mode using molecular pumps to create mechanical bonds. This nonequilibrium process stores energy in metastable states, transforming surface chemistry control.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Adsorption traditionally studied in equilibrium systems, focusing on physisorption (van der Waals forces) and chemisorption (electronic interactions).
  • Existing methods lack dynamic control over adsorption processes and energy storage at interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel adsorption mechanism termed mechanisorption.
  • To explore the potential of nonequilibrium pumping for creating mechanical bonds between adsorbents and adsorbates.
  • To investigate energy storage in metastable states via chemical capacitors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing metal-organic frameworks grafted with molecular pumps.
  • Implementing nonequilibrium pumping to drive adsorbate transport.
  • Creating potential gradients across compartments to store energy.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated mechanisorption on functionalized metal-organic framework surfaces.
  • Achieved transport of adsorbates from bulk to interface, forming mechanical bonds.
  • Established chemical capacitors storing energy in metastable states.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanisorption fundamentally expands the scope of adsorption phenomena.
  • This active adsorption mode offers a transformative approach to controlling surface and interface chemistry.
  • Mechanisorption enables novel energy storage mechanisms at the molecular level.