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Residents' subjective mental workload during computerized prescription entry.

Dong Wei1,2, Haiyan Gong3, Xue Wu4

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Resident workload in computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems is high, driven by time pressure and task performance. Entering prescriptions via numerical rows and urgent situations significantly increase this mental workload, impacting patient safety.

Keywords:
Computerized physician order entryNASA-TLXelectronic prescriptionmental workloadpatient safety

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Clinical Workflow Analysis

Background:

  • Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems are integral to modern healthcare, aiming to improve efficiency and reduce errors.
  • Understanding the cognitive demands placed on healthcare professionals using these systems is crucial for optimizing usability and patient safety.
  • Subjective mental workload is a key metric for assessing the human-computer interaction within CPOE environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the subjective mental workload experienced by medical residents during prescription entry in a CPOE system.
  • To identify factors influencing workload, specifically numerical input methods and the level of urgency.
  • To correlate workload with demographic characteristics, CPOE familiarity, and prior performance.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two residents performed six prescription entry tasks within a CPOE system.
  • Manipulated variables included numerical input method and urgency level.
  • Subjective mental workload was quantified using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX).

Main Results:

  • Temporal demand and performance were the primary contributors to resident workload.
  • Numerical input via a row of numbers resulted in the highest workload.
  • Increased urgency significantly elevated mental workload, with significant main effects and interactions observed for input method and urgency.

Conclusions:

  • Subjective mental workload is a significant concern for residents using CPOE systems, particularly under urgent conditions.
  • The method of numerical input substantially impacts workload, with row-based entry being most demanding.
  • Further research into medical staff workload is essential for enhancing CPOE system design and ensuring patient safety.