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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells
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In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells

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Autophagy and bone diseases.

Marie-Charlotte Trojani1, Sabine Santucci-Darmanin2, Véronique Breuil1

  • 1UMR E-430 TIRO-MATOS CEA/DRF Institut Joliot, faculté de médecine de Nice, université Nice Côte d'Azur, 28, avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice cedex 2, France; Service de rhumatologie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France.

Joint Bone Spine
|October 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, is crucial for bone health and homeostasis. Dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in osteoporosis, osteopetrosis, Paget's disease, and osteosarcoma, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
AutophagyOsteopetrosisOsteoporosisOsteosarcomaPaget's disease of bone

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bone Physiology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process for degrading and recycling damaged components, maintaining cellular homeostasis.
  • This process is vital for the survival, differentiation, and activity of bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
  • Recent research highlights autophagy's significant role in various pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and bone diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of autophagy's role in four specific bone diseases.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking autophagy to bone pathology.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets based on autophagy modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on autophagy in bone tissue.
  • Analysis of research linking autophagy to osteoporosis, osteopetrosis, Paget's disease, and osteosarcoma.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on autophagic pathways in bone pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • Osteoporosis is associated with decreased autophagy.
  • Osteopetrosis and Paget's disease exhibit disturbed autophagic processes.
  • Autophagy appears to play a pro-tumoral role in osteosarcoma.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy is intricately involved in the pathogenesis of major bone diseases.
  • Understanding these autophagic dysregulations is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting autophagy pathways may offer new avenues for treating bone pathologies.