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High Expression of PKM2 Was Associated with the Poor Prognosis of Acute Leukemia

Yunxiu Huang1, Lin-Mu Chen2, Jin-Ye Xie1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.

Cancer Management and Research
|October 22, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Plasma pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) shows potential as a biomarker for acute leukemia incidence and prognosis. Higher PKM2 levels in patients indicate a poorer outlook for acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) plays a role in cellular metabolism and cancer progression.
  • Biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of acute leukemias are crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical significance of plasma pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in assessing the incidence and prognosis of acute leukemia.
  • To evaluate PKM2 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples were collected from 56 AML patients, 40 ALL patients, and 66 healthy controls.
  • Plasma PKM2 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and survival analyses were employed to assess diagnostic and prognostic value.

Main Results:

  • Plasma PKM2 levels were significantly elevated in both AML and ALL patients compared to healthy individuals.
  • PKM2 demonstrated good diagnostic potential with AUC values of 0.827 for AML and 0.837 for ALL.
  • Higher plasma PKM2 levels correlated with worse event-free survival and overall survival in acute leukemia patients.
  • Elevated PKM2 was observed in ALL patients with a BCR/ABL-positive genotype compared to BCR/ABL-negative patients.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma PKM2 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of acute leukemia.
  • Elevated plasma PKM2 levels are negatively correlated with the prognosis of acute leukemia, indicating its potential as a prognostic indicator.
  • PKM2 warrants further investigation as a clinical tool for assessing acute leukemia incidence and outcomes.
Keywords:
acute leukemiaacute lymphoblastic leukemiaacute myeloid leukemiapyruvate kinase M2

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