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Cerebral spinal fluid positive pertussis encephalopathy in infants: Case reports

Ta Anh Tuan1, Tran Dang Xoay1, Phung Thi Bich Thuy2

  • 1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
|October 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pertussis (whooping cough) can cause severe neurological issues in infants. Detecting Bordetella pertussis in cerebrospinal fluid is crucial for diagnosing pertussis-associated encephalopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Pertussis (whooping cough) is a growing public health concern globally, despite high vaccination rates.
  • Pertussis-associated encephalopathy is a serious complication, but its underlying mechanisms and the bacteria's role remain unclear.

Observation:

  • Three infants under three months old presented with neurological symptoms like lethargy, encephalopathy, and seizures.
  • Bordetella pertussis DNA was confirmed in the cerebrospinal fluid of all three infants via polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Findings:

  • One infant died, while the other two recovered with normal neurological examinations.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis, including PCR, is vital for diagnosing pertussis-associated encephalopathy.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and understanding the pathophysiology of pertussis-associated encephalopathy are critical.
  • This highlights the need for prompt cerebrospinal fluid analysis in infants with suspected pertussis and neurological symptoms.

Keywords:
Bordetella pertussisPertussis encephalopathycerebrospinal fluidseizure

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