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COVID-19 is more dangerous for older people and its severity is increasing: a case-control study

Cuma Mertoglu1, Mehmet Tahir Huyut2, Hasan Olmez3

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.

Medical Gas Research
|October 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Routine blood test results for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients showed significant seasonal variations. These COVID-19 biomarker changes indicate disease progression over time.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to affect various physiological parameters.
  • Routine blood tests are essential for monitoring patient status and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate seasonal variations in biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze temporal changes in these biomarkers from spring to autumn.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study involving 3969 COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of routine blood tests stratified by season (spring, summer, autumn) and care setting (non-ICU, ICU).

Main Results:

  • In non-ICU patients, lower lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were observed in autumn.
  • Several hematological parameters (e.g., eosinophil, hemoglobin, red blood cells) decreased from spring to autumn.
  • Biochemical markers showed trends of increasing liver enzymes and decreasing protein/albumin levels over the seasons, with elevated C-reactive protein in autumn.

Conclusions:

  • Seasonal variations in routine blood biomarkers are evident in COVID-19 patients.
  • Temporal changes in these biomarkers suggest disease severity and progression over time.

Keywords:
biochemicalhematological and inflammatory biomarkerslymphocyte to monocyte rationeutrophil to lymphocyte ratioplatelet to lymphocyte ratiosystemic immune-inflammation index

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