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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae
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Antioxidant Compounds from Microalgae: A Review.

Noémie Coulombier1, Thierry Jauffrais2, Nicolas Lebouvier3

  • 1ADECAL Technopole, 1 Bis Rue Berthelot, 98846 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France.

Marine Drugs
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Summary

Microalgae are a growing source of natural antioxidants for various industries. This review evaluates assays to best measure the antioxidant activity of these valuable marine compounds.

Keywords:
ascorbic acidcarotenoidsglutathionephenolic compoundsreactive oxygen speciestocopherols

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Marine Biology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for natural antioxidants from microalgae in food, cosmetic, and nutraceutical sectors.
  • Microalgae offer advantages like biodiversity, high yield, and metabolic plasticity for biotechnological applications.
  • Need for effective methods to assess antioxidant activity due to diverse compounds and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review antioxidant molecules from microalgae, their roles, and mechanisms of action.
  • To summarize and evaluate common and recent assays for assessing microalgal antioxidant activity.
  • To guide the selection of appropriate assays based on specific antioxidant molecules and ROS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of antioxidant compounds in microalgae.
  • Analysis of different antioxidant assay methodologies.
  • Evaluation of assay suitability for various antioxidant molecules and ROS.

Main Results:

  • Overview of key antioxidant molecules and their functions.
  • Comparison of the strengths and limitations of various antioxidant assays.
  • Identification of factors influencing assay selection for accurate antioxidant capacity measurement.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate assessment of microalgal antioxidant activity requires careful selection of appropriate assays.
  • Understanding the diversity of antioxidant compounds and ROS is crucial for assay selection.
  • This review aids researchers in choosing the most effective methods to evaluate microalgal antioxidant potential.