Polyphenols as anticancer agents: Toxicological concern to healthy cells

Area of Science:

• Plant biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with diverse reported biological activities.
• Major classes include flavonoids, stilbenoids, lignans, and polyphenolic acids.
• Despite potential benefits, clinical applications are limited due to issues like bioavailability and toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the toxicological aspects of polyphenols.
• To investigate the impact of polyphenols on healthy cells.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific articles on polyphenol biological activities and toxicity.
• Analysis of reported toxicological effects including organ toxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity.

Main Results:

• Polyphenols exhibit a wide range of biological properties.
• Concerns regarding polyphenol toxicity, including effects on healthy cells, are increasing.
• Limited bioavailability and rapid metabolism are significant challenges.

Conclusions:

• Polyphenol toxicity is a significant concern impacting their clinical utility.
• Further high-quality research is essential to establish clinical efficacy and safety profiles.
• Understanding polyphenol toxicology is crucial for future therapeutic exploration.