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Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Novel Method for Comprehensive Cell Component Analysis of Cerebral Blood Clots
Published on: July 21, 2023
High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein in Cerebral Thromboemboli
Fabian Essig1, Lilith Babilon1, Christoph Vollmuth1
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Abstract:
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) involved in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and thrombosis. NETs are regularly found in cerebral thromboemboli. We here analyzed associated HMGB1 expression in human thromboemboli retrieved via mechanical thrombectomy from 37 stroke patients with large vessel occlusion. HMGB1 was detected in all thromboemboli, accounting for 1.7% (IQR 0.6-6.2%) of the total thromboemboli area and was found to be colocalized with neutrophils and NETs and in spatial proximity to platelets. Correlation analysis revealed that the detection of HMGB1 was strongly related to the number of neutrophils (r = 0.58, p = 0.0002) and platelets (r = 0.51, p = 0.001). Our results demonstrate that HMGB1 is a substantial constituent of thromboemboli causing large vessel occlusion stroke.
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