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Use of Theory-Driven Report Back to Promote Lung Cancer Risk Reduction.
Luz Huntington-Moskos1, Mary Kay Rayens2, Amanda T Wiggins2
1School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 23, 2021
Summary
Providing tailored research findings to participants effectively prompted behavior change, significantly reducing home radon exposure and secondhand smoke risks. This approach demonstrated success in environmental risk reduction through participant engagement.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health Interventions
Background:
- Limited research exists on theory-driven report back for environmental risk reduction.
- Effective strategies are needed to encourage behavior change for mitigating home environmental hazards like radon and secondhand smoke (SHS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of a stage-tailored report back process on participants with high home radon and/or air nicotine levels.
- To assess changes in participants' stage of action for radon mitigation and smoke-free policies.
- To measure the reduction in radon exposure following the intervention.
Main Methods:
- Observational one-group pre-post design with 87 treatment participants.
- Measurement of home radon using short-term test kits and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure via passive airborne nicotine samplers.
- Categorization of participants into stages of action (Unaware, Unengaged, Deciding, Action, Maintenance) for radon mitigation and smoke-free policy.
Main Results:
- Stage of action for radon mitigation and smoke-free policy increased from baseline to 3 months and remained stable through 9 months.
- Stage of action for radon was significantly higher at 15 months compared to baseline.
- Observed radon levels decreased significantly by 15 months among participants with high baseline radon (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Tailored report back of contaminant values is an effective strategy for reducing radon exposure.
- This intervention successfully promoted health behavior changes necessary for remediating radon and SHS exposure.
- Stage-tailored feedback can be a valuable tool in environmental health interventions for risk reduction.
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