Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cardiovascular Imaging - Introducing the Spatially Weighted Calcium Score for Early Disease Detection
06:57

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cardiovascular Imaging - Introducing the Spatially Weighted Calcium Score for Early Disease Detection

Published on: September 22, 2023

1.2K

Coronary Artery Disease in Women: A Comprehensive Appraisal

Nili Schamroth Pravda1,2, Orith Karny-Rahkovich1,2, Arthur Shiyovich1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery disease (CAD) presents unique challenges for women, differing in cause, symptoms, and outcomes. This review emphasizes recognizing and addressing these sex-specific aspects of heart disease in women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Women's Health
  • Sex Differences in Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality in women, yet its unique characteristics are often overlooked.
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CAD exhibit distinct pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and outcomes between sexes.
  • Under-recognition of sex differences in CAD contributes to disparities in diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To increase awareness of the significant burden of CAD in women.
  • To elucidate the unique pathophysiological mechanisms of CAD specific to women.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of CAD in women, including risk factors, clinical manifestations, and disease spectrum.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature on CAD in women.
  • The review focuses on sex-specific aspects of CAD, including pathophysiology and risk factors.
  • It examines clinical presentations and the spectrum of obstructive and non-obstructive CAD in the female population.

Main Results:

  • CAD in women involves distinct pathophysiological pathways compared to men.
  • Both traditional and sex-specific cardiovascular risk factors play a crucial role in female CAD.
  • Clinical presentation of CAD in women can be atypical, and the disease spectrum includes non-obstructive forms.

Conclusions:

  • Highlighting the unique aspects of CAD in women is critical for improving cardiovascular care.
  • Recognizing sex differences in CAD pathophysiology, risk factors, and presentation is essential for timely diagnosis and effective management.
  • Further research and clinical attention are needed to address the specific burden of heart disease in women.

Keywords:
coronary artery diseasesexwomen

More Related Videos

Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease06:16

Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease

Published on: August 9, 2024

578
Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function10:28

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function

Published on: March 15, 2022

5.3K

Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
68
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
483
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
160
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
44
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
71
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
393