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Testing Multi-Theory Model (MTM) in Explaining Sunscreen Use among Florida Residents: An Integrative Approach for Sun
Manoj Sharma1, Matthew Asare2, Erin Largo-Wight3,4
1Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 23, 2021
Summary
Florida residents can reduce skin cancer risk by adopting sunscreen use. Key factors for starting and continuing this behavior include confidence, environmental changes, and emotional transformation, according to the multi-theory model.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Dermatology
Background:
- Florida has the second-highest skin cancer incidence nationally.
- Sunscreen use is a key preventive health behavior against skin cancer.
- Limited data exists on factors influencing sunscreen adoption and adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate correlates of initiating and sustaining sunscreen usage behavior.
- To apply the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of behavior change to sunscreen use.
- To identify predictors for public health interventions in Florida.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study utilizing a web-based survey.
- Random sampling of Florida residents (aged 18+) from the state voter file.
- Data analysis via independent-samples t-test and hierarchical multiple regression.
Main Results:
- Initiating sunscreen use was predicted by participatory dialogue, behavioral confidence, and physical environment changes (73.6% variance).
- Sustaining sunscreen use was predicted by emotional transformation, practice for change, and social environment changes (59% variance).
Conclusions:
- The Multi-Theory Model (MTM) effectively explains sunscreen usage behavior.
- Findings inform public health strategies for skin cancer prevention and UV risk reduction.
- Targeting behavioral confidence and environmental factors can promote sunscreen adoption.
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