Effect of Concave Stave on Class I Barrel-Stave Flextensional Transducer

To meet the requirements of low frequency, high power, small size and light weight, a type of Class I barrel-stave flextensional transducer employing improved concave stave is presented. As the key component of flextensional transducer, concave stave plays an important role in vibrating efficiently to radiate acoustic energy. The structure of concave stave has a great effect on its behavior. In this paper, the main parameters of concave stave are discussed, especially the effect of radius on flextensional transducer. Both concave stave and transducer are analyzed through finite element method, including mechanical transformation behavior of concave stave and performances of flextensional transducer. On the basis of finite element design, five prototypes employing concave staves with different radii are manufactured and measured. The simulations and tests reveal that concave stave can affect performances of flextensional transducer. A larger radius of concave stave will result in a greater amplification of vibration and a lower resonance frequency of transducer. This can be a feasible way to optimize the resonance frequency or source level of flextensional transducer through adjusting the radius of concave stave in a small range. According to the electrical and acoustical tests, our Class I barrel-stave flextensional transducer is capable of being used as underwater low-frequency small-size projector.