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Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus

Gloria Magro1, Arianna Calistri1, Cristina Parolin1

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

CRISPR-Cas gene editing offers a promising strategy to combat HIV-1 by targeting the virus's proviral DNA and host factors. This technology aids in understanding and potentially eradicating latent HIV infection.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Latent HIV-1 infection and reservoirs present a major barrier to a definitive cure.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of viral latency is crucial for developing effective eradication strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress of CRISPR-Cas gene editing in targeting HIV-1 provirus.
  • To discuss the application of CRISPR screens in identifying host factors involved in HIV-1 latency.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current CRISPR-Cas gene editing strategies applied to HIV-1.
  • Analysis of CRISPR screens for host factor identification in HIV-1 latency.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas technology shows significant promise in targeting integrated HIV-1 provirus.
  • CRISPR screens are advancing the understanding of host-specific factors in viral latency.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas gene editing is a versatile tool with potential for HIV-1 eradication.
  • Further research using CRISPR technology is vital for elucidating HIV-1 latency mechanisms and developing novel therapies.
Keywords:
CRISPR screensCRISPR-CasHIV latencygene editinghost dependency factors

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