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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...

What is the Immune System?

What is the Immune System?

T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Multiple sclerosis meets systems immunology

Reinhard Hohlfeld¹

¹Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany.

The Lancet. Neurology

|October 23, 2021

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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