Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Archaea IV01:29

Diversity of Archaea IV

154
Hyperthermophilic archaea are a group of extremophiles thriving at temperatures above 80°C, often in hydrothermal vents and volcanic soils where conditions surpass the boiling point of water. At such temperatures, proteins, membranes, and DNA in most organisms degrade, but hyperthermophiles have evolved remarkable adaptations to maintain stability and function.Unique Cellular FeaturesHyperthermophilic membranes are composed of a monolayer of biphytanyl tetraether lipids, which resist...
154
Diversity of Archaea II01:24

Diversity of Archaea II

136
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, exhibit remarkable diversity and adaptability, thriving in both extreme and moderate environments. Historically, most identified archaea have been classified into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. However, recent molecular studies have expanded this classification to include three additional phyla: Thaumarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, and Korarchaeota, each exhibiting unique characteristics and ecological roles.Thaumarchaeota: Mesophiles...
136
Diversity of Archaea III01:27

Diversity of Archaea III

111
Crenarchaeota, a prominent phylum of Archaea, is remarkable for its ability to thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and acidity. These microorganisms inhabit sulfuric hot springs, volcanic systems, and submarine hydrothermal vents, where temperatures often exceed 100°C. The unique adaptations of Crenarchaeota not only allow survival under such extreme conditions but also provide insights into the mechanisms of life in primordial Earth-like...
111
Diversity of Archaea I01:30

Diversity of Archaea I

157
Archaea, a domain of single-celled microorganisms, are classified into five major phyla based on genetic and biochemical characteristics: Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, Korarchaeota, and Nanoarchaeota. Among these, the phylum Euryarchaeota is notable for its remarkable diversity in morphology, metabolism, and ecological adaptations.Morphological and Metabolic DiversityMembers of Euryarchaeota exhibit a variety of cellular shapes, including rods and cocci. Their metabolic pathways...
157
Microbial Morphologies01:29

Microbial Morphologies

1.1K
Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...
1.1K
Diversity of Protists IV01:27

Diversity of Protists IV

327
Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
327

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combined noradrenergic plus antimuscarinic agents for obstructive sleep apnea - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Sleep medicine reviews·2022
Same author

Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Function through PINK1/Parkin Mediated Mitophagy in VD Rats.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM·2022
Same author

Overexpression of lncRNA-Gm2044 in spermatogonia impairs spermatogenesis in partial seminiferous tubules.

Poultry science·2022
Same author

The Effect of Short Sleep Duration on the Development of Asthma.

International journal of clinical practice·2022
Same author

Lianhuaqingwen alleviates p53-mediated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells to prevent LPS-induced ALI.

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology·2022
Same author

Studies on Flavor Compounds and Free Amino Acid Dynamic Characteristics of Fermented Pork Loin Ham with a Complex Starter.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

4.6K

Ocular microbial diversity, community structure, and function at high altitude.

Zhouyu Li1, Yongguo Xiang1, Yong Wang1

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|October 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The ocular surface microbiome composition and function differ between highlanders and lowlanders, with reduced diversity in high-altitude dwellers. This study provides a reference for the healthy conjunctival microbiome in highlanders.

Keywords:
16S rRNA gene sequencingHealthy conjunctivaMicrobial communitiesOcular surfacePICRUSt

More Related Videos

Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential
14:38

Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential

Published on: April 20, 2012

11.5K
Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy
07:00

Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: October 4, 2024

782

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

4.6K
Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential
14:38

Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential

Published on: April 20, 2012

11.5K
Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy
07:00

Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: October 4, 2024

782

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Physiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • The ocular surface harbors a unique microbiome.
  • Altitude is a potential environmental factor influencing microbial communities.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for ocular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the composition and function of the ocular surface microbiome in healthy individuals residing at different altitudes.
  • To compare the bacterial communities and predicted functions between high-altitude and low-altitude populations.
  • To establish a reference catalog for the healthy conjunctival microbiome in highlanders.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study involving healthy individuals from high-altitude (n=32) and low-altitude (n=30) regions.
  • Ocular surface samples collected from the lower conjunctival sac.
  • Bacterial community analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing and functional prediction with PICRUSt software.

Main Results:

  • Significantly decreased microbial diversity and richness in highlanders (ACE, Chao1, observed-species indices, p < 0.01).
  • Distinct clustering of conjunctival sac bacterial communities between highlanders and lowlanders (PCoA, p = 0.03).
  • Enrichment of Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and Anaerococcus, and decreased abundance of Pseudomonas and Massilia in highlanders (p < 0.01).
  • Functional analysis revealed differences in 74 gene pathways, primarily in metabolism, with enrichment in immune and infectious disease pathways in highlanders.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular surface microbiome composition and function are distinct between highlanders and lowlanders.
  • Altitude significantly impacts the ocular surface bacterial communities and their predicted functions.
  • This study offers a valuable reference for the healthy conjunctival microbiome in high-altitude populations.