Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Published on: February 9, 2021
The controversial association of gut and urinary microbiota with kidney stone formation
Narjess Bostanghadiri1, Pardis Ziaeefar2, Fatemeh Sameni3
1-Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is one of the most common chronic kidney diseases that are typically more common among adult men comparing to adult women. The prevalence of this disease is increasing which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Kidney stones are mainly composed of calcium oxalate and urinary oxalate which is considered a dangerous factor in their formation. Besides diverse leading reasons in the progression of nephrolithiasis, the gut and urinary microbiome has been recognized as a major player in the development or prevention of it. These microbes produce metabolites that have diverse effects on host biological functions. Therefore, Changes in the composition and structure of the microbiome (dysbiosis) have been implicated in various diseases. The present review focuses on the roles of gut and urinary in kidney stone formation.
Related Concept Videos
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

