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Updated: Oct 15, 2025
Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
Published on: January 18, 2021
Deep learning model for automatic contouring of cardiovascular substructures on radiotherapy planning CT images:
Miguel Garrett Fernandes1, Johan Bussink2, Barbara Stam3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Background And Purpose:
Large radiotherapy (RT) planning imaging datasets with consistently contoured cardiovascular structures are essential for robust cardiac radiotoxicity research in thoracic cancers. This study aims to develop and validate a highly accurate automatic contouring model for the heart, cardiac chambers, and great vessels for RT planning computed tomography (CT) images that can be used for dose-volume parameter estimation.
Materials And Methods:
A neural network model was trained using a dataset of 127 expertly contoured planning CT images from RT treatment of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Evaluation of geometric accuracy and quality of dosimetric parameter estimation was performed on 50 independent scans with contrast and without contrast enhancement. The model was further evaluated regarding the clinical acceptability of the contours in 99 scans randomly sampled from the RTOG-0617 dataset by three experienced radiation oncologists.
Results:
Median surface dice at 3 mm tolerance for all dedicated thoracic structures was 90% in the test set. Median absolute difference between mean dose computed with model contours and expert contours was 0.45 Gy averaged over all structures. The mean clinical acceptability rate by majority vote in the RTOG-0617 scans was 91%.
Conclusion:
This model can be used to contour the heart, cardiac chambers, and great vessels in large datasets of RT planning thoracic CT images accurately, quickly, and consistently. Additionally, the model can be used as a time-saving tool for contouring in clinic practice.
