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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
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Edge superconductivity in multilayer WTe2 Josephson junction.

Ce Huang1, Awadhesh Narayan2, Enze Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

National Science Review
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers observed edge superconductivity in thin tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) using Josephson junction measurements. This finding highlights WTe2

Keywords:
Josephson junctionWTe2Weyl semimetaledge superconductivitynon-symmetric effect

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) is a type-II Weyl semimetal with intriguing surface and edge states.
  • Understanding edge states in intermediate WTe2 regimes is challenging due to dominant bulk states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and confirm edge superconductivity in multilayer WTe2.
  • To map the spatial distribution and behavior of supercurrent in WTe2 Josephson junctions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of multilayer WTe2 Josephson junctions.
  • Superconducting quantum interference measurements to probe supercurrent flow.
  • Direct mapping of localized supercurrent distribution.

Main Results:

  • Thick WTe2 samples show uniform supercurrent distribution via bulk states with symmetric Josephson effect.
  • Thin WTe2 (10 nm) exhibits supercurrent confined to the edge, up to a width of [Formula: see text], with non-symmetric behavior.
  • Edge superconductivity is tunable by varying WTe2 thickness.

Conclusions:

  • WTe2 demonstrates tunable edge superconductivity, transitioning from bulk-dominated to edge-dominated behavior with decreasing thickness.
  • This tunability establishes WTe2 as a significant topological material for exploring exotic quantum phases.
  • The findings open new avenues for research in topological superconductivity and quantum devices.