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Introduction to Functional Groups

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Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups are found along the carbon backbone of macromolecules can form chains or rings of carbon atoms. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

Postsynthetic functionalization of covalent organic frameworks.

Yusran Yusran¹, Xinyu Guan¹, Hui Li¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Departement of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

National Science Review

|October 25, 2021

Summary

This review details postsynthetic functionalizations of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). These modifications enhance COF properties like stability, catalysis, and opto-electronics for advanced smart materials.

Keywords:

covalent organic frameworks crystalline materials porous materials postsynthetic functionalization

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Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

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Published on: June 23, 2023

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemistry

Background:

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are advanced porous materials with tunable structures and properties.
Their predesigned frameworks allow for modifications after initial synthesis, introducing new functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

To review postsynthetic functionalizations of COFs.
To elaborate on the impact of these functionalizations on structural qualities and material performance.

Main Methods:

Discussion of functionalization strategies involving covalent or coordination/ionic bonds.
Analysis of chemical reactions such as oxidation/reduction applied to COFs.
Examination of modifications targeting pendant groups, skeletons, and reactive linkages.

Main Results:

Postsynthetic functionalization can significantly enhance chemical stability and performance of COFs.
Specific applications include improvements in catalytic activity, storage, sorption, and opto-electronic properties.
The discussed strategies are broadly applicable across various COF types and chemical reactions.

Conclusions:

Postsynthetic functionalization is crucial for developing advanced COF-based smart materials.
These methods offer a pivotal role in tailoring COF properties for targeted applications.
The versatility of functionalization strategies ensures broad applicability in materials science.