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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Olfactory dysfunction in passive vs active smoking.

Senem Çengel Kurnaz1, Emel Tahir1, Esra Kavaz1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun Turkey.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Passive smoking significantly impairs olfactory function, similar to active smoking. Both reduce smell identification, discrimination, and threshold, with threshold scores most affected.

Keywords:
olfaction disorderssecondhand smokingsmellsmoking

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Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Toxicology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Smoking is a known health risk, but its specific impact on olfactory function requires further elucidation.
  • Assessing olfactory function in passive smokers is crucial due to widespread exposure.
  • Understanding the effects of smoking on smell can inform public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the olfactory functions of passive smokers with those of active smokers and nonsmokers.
  • To investigate the specific components of olfactory function (threshold, discrimination, identification) affected by smoking.
  • To correlate subjective olfactory assessments with objective test results.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case-control study involving 90 participants (30 nonsmokers, 30 passive smokers, 30 active smokers), matched for age and gender.
  • Administration of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) for subjective assessment and the Sniffin' Sticks test battery for objective olfactory testing.
  • Measurement of olfactory threshold, discrimination, and identification scores, along with subjective olfactory function ratings.

Main Results:

  • Both active and passive smokers exhibited significantly lower TDI scores compared to nonsmokers.
  • No significant difference in olfactory function was found between active and passive smokers.
  • Smoking negatively impacted all olfactory subscores, with the greatest effect on threshold scores.

Conclusions:

  • Passive smoking poses a similar risk to olfactory function as active smoking.
  • Olfactory threshold is the most sensitive measure affected by smoking.
  • Further research into olfactory neuronal pathways is recommended to understand the underlying pathophysiology.