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Neighborhood-Level Predictors of Sexual Violence Across Intimate Partner and Non-Intimate Partner Relationships: A
Rachel Kate Carpenter1, Jill Diane Stinson1
14154East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Sexual Abuse : a Journal of Research and Treatment
|October 25, 2021
Summary
This study examined factors linked to intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) and non-intimate partner sexual violence (NIPSV). Higher income inequality, firearm fatalities, and a larger percentage of female residents were associated with increased sexual violence risk.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background:
- Existing research on sexual violence primarily focuses on individual risk factors.
- Less is understood about the interplay of individual, dyadic, and environmental factors in intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) within the broader context of non-intimate partner violence (NIPSV).
- This study addresses the gap by examining county-level indicators alongside individual and dyadic factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between county-level indicators, individual characteristics, and dyadic factors with sexual violence.
- To analyze sexual violence across different relationship types, including intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) and non-intimate partner sexual violence (NIPSV).
- To identify key environmental risk factors contributing to sexual violence.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a nested case-control design.
- Data on reported IPSV and NIPSV cases were sourced from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation's (TBI) online incident-based reporting system.
- County-level data on neighborhood disorder, violent crime, income inequality, firearm prevalence, and alcohol use were obtained from County Health Rankings and Roadmaps.
Main Results:
- Significant associations between sexual violence risk and younger age cohorts were identified.
- Three significant county-level factors emerged: income inequality, the rate of firearm fatalities, and the percentage of female residents.
- These factors were associated with sexual violence across various relationship types.
Conclusions:
- Prevention and intervention strategies should target younger populations with education on IPSV and NIPSV.
- Recommendations include developing resources for diverse relational partners and enhancing legal access and law enforcement training.
- Further research is needed to understand the role of firearms in sexual violence.
Keywords:
Intimate partner sexual violenceenvironmental predictorsintimate partner violencenon-intimate partner sexual violencesexual violenceMore Related Videos
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