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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

64
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

49
IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
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Updated: Oct 15, 2025

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
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A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

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Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation.

Mario Alberto García-Esquivel1, Fernando Huerta-Liceaga1, Luis Alexander Martínez-Garzón1

  • 1Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, Servicio de Cardiología, Subdivisión de Cardiología Intervencionista.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review discusses managing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic. It synthesizes current knowledge to guide treatment decisions for cardiac patients facing this global health emergency.

Keywords:
Coronavirus InfectionsPercutaneous Coronary InterventionST Elevation Myocardial InfarctionThrombolytic Therapy

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Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a global health emergency.
  • COVID-19 significantly impacts patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions.
  • Standard emergency treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) involves urgent reperfusion, but COVID-19 complicates established protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current literature on managing STEMI in COVID-19 patients.
  • To provide evidence-based guidance for clinical decision-making during the pandemic.
  • To address the lack of established guidelines for this specific patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of relevant articles published during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on STEMI management in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify key conclusions and recommendations.

Main Results:

  • The review highlights the challenges and adaptations in STEMI care during the pandemic.
  • It identifies critical factors influencing treatment choices, such as resource availability and patient risk stratification.
  • Key findings address the integration of COVID-19 screening and management within STEMI protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent management of STEMI remains crucial, even amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Adaptations in reperfusion strategies and hospital protocols are necessary.
  • Further research and updated guidelines are essential for optimizing STEMI care during global health crises.