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Related Concept Videos

Bridge rectifier01:24

Bridge rectifier

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The bridge rectifier is essential in electronics for efficiently converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Comprised of four diodes configured in a bridge layout, this rectifier effectively processes both the positive and negative halves of the AC waveform, making it superior to half-wave and full-wave center-tapped rectifiers in terms of voltage regulation and output stability.
Operationally, the bridge rectifier allows current flow through two of its diodes during each...
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Voltage Doubler Circuit01:23

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A voltage doubler circuit integrates two main components: a clamping section and a rectifier section. The clamping section consists of a capacitor (C1) and a diode (D1), whereas the rectifier section is equipped with another diode (D2) and capacitor (C2). This circuit produces an output voltage with twice the amplitude of the sinusoidal input voltage.
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Half wave rectifier01:20

Half wave rectifier

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A half-wave rectifier is a fundamental circuit in electronics, designed to convert alternating current (AC) voltage into a unidirectional voltage. It utilizes the simplest form of diode rectification, where the circuit comprises a single diode in series with a load resistor and an AC power source.
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Full wave rectifier01:22

Full wave rectifier

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A full-wave rectifier is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and is more efficient than its half-wave counterpart. It typically includes a center-tapped transformer, two diodes, and a load resistor. The secondary winding of the transformer is divided to provide two equal voltages of opposite polarities, which is the pivotal element of full-wave rectification.
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Clamper Circuit01:14

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A clamper circuit, also known as a DC restorer, represents a specialized variant of the rectifier circuit, notable for its method of taking the output across the diode rather than the capacitor. This configuration lends to several distinctive applications, particularly in handling square wave inputs.
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MOSFET: Depletion Mode01:20

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Depletion-mode MOSFETs represent a unique subset of MOSFET technology, functioning fundamentally differently from their enhancement-mode counterparts. Unlike enhancement MOSFETs, which require a positive gate-source voltage (Vgs) to turn on, depletion-mode MOSFETs are inherently conductive and "normally on" devices.
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A Dynamic Threshold Cancellation Technique for a High-Power Conversion Efficiency CMOS Rectifier.

António Godinho1, Zhaochu Yang1, Tao Dong2

  • 1Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a dynamic threshold cancellation technique to boost power conversion efficiency (PCE) in CMOS rectifiers for vibrational energy harvesting. The novel design achieves over 99% voltage and 90% power efficiency, enhancing output power for practical applications.

Keywords:
CMOS rectifierdynamic threshold cancellation techniquehigh power conversion efficiencypower management circuitvibration energy harvester

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Harvesting

Background:

  • Low output power from vibrational energy harvesters presents a challenge for power management circuits (PMC).
  • Achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) is crucial for effective energy harvesting systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-power conversion efficiency CMOS rectifier utilizing a dynamic threshold cancellation technique.
  • To improve the output power delivered to the load by addressing limitations in existing rectifier designs.

Main Methods:

  • The proposed rectifier employs a two-stage design: a passive stage with a negative voltage converter and an active diode stage with threshold cancellation.
  • The passive stage achieves full-wave rectification with a minimal voltage drop of 1 mV.
  • The active stage minimizes reverse leakage current.

Main Results:

  • The rectifier demonstrates a voltage conversion efficiency exceeding 99% and a power conversion efficiency over 90%.
  • High efficiency is achieved for input voltages as low as 0.45 V and for low ohmic loads.
  • The circuit operates effectively across a wide frequency range (800 Hz to 51.2 kHz).

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic threshold cancellation technique significantly enhances PCE in CMOS rectifiers for low-power energy harvesting.
  • The developed rectifier is suitable for practical applications requiring efficient power management.
  • The design offers a promising solution for improving the performance of vibrational energy harvesting systems.