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Updated: Oct 15, 2025
A Contrast of Three Inoculation Techniques used to Determine the Race of Unknown Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum Isolates
Published on: October 28, 2021
Molecular Characterization of the First Alternavirus Identified in Fusarium oxysporum
Caiyi Wen1, Xinru Wan1, Yuanyuan Zhang1
1College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Abstract:
A novel mycovirus named Fusarium oxysporum alternavirus 1(FoAV1) was identified as infecting Fusarium oxysporum strain BH19, which was isolated from a fusarium wilt diseased stem of Lilium brownii. The genome of FoAV1 contains four double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments (dsRNA1, dsRNA 2, dsRNA 3 and dsRNA 4, with lengths of 3.3, 2.6, 2.3 and 1.8 kbp, respectively). Additionally, dsRNA1 encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and dsRNA2- dsRNA3- and dsRNA4-encoded hypothetical proteins (ORF2, ORF3 and ORF4), respectively. A homology BLAST search, along with multiple alignments based on RdRp, ORF2 and ORF3 sequences, identified FoAV1 as a novel member of the proposed family "Alternaviridae". Evolutionary relation analyses indicated that FoAV1 may be related to alternaviruses, thus dividing the family "Alternaviridae" members into four clades. In addition, we determined that dsRNA4 was dispensable for replication and may be a satellite-like RNA of FoAV1-and could perhaps play a role in the evolution of alternaviruses. Our results provided evidence for potential genera establishment within the proposed family "Alternaviridae". Additionally, FoAV1 exhibited biological control of Fusarium wilt. Our results also laid the foundations for the further study of mycoviruses within the family "Alternaviridae", and provide a potential agent for the biocontrol of diseases caused by F. oxysporum.
Insights
A novel Fusarium oxysporum alternavirus 1 (FoAV1) mycovirus was discovered. This virus infects Fusarium wilt pathogens and shows potential for biological control of plant diseases.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Virology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, severely impacts Lilium brownii crops.
- Mycoviruses are increasingly recognized for their roles in host physiology and potential applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize novel mycoviruses infecting Fusarium oxysporum.
- To investigate the genomic structure, evolutionary relationships, and biological control potential of a newly discovered mycovirus.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of Fusarium oxysporum strain BH19 from diseased Lilium brownii.
- Genomic analysis of the novel mycovirus, Fusarium oxysporum alternavirus 1 (FoAV1), including dsRNA sequencing.
- Phylogenetic analysis based on conserved protein sequences (RdRp, ORF2, ORF3).
- Assessment of FoAV1's biological control efficacy against Fusarium wilt.
Main Results:
- Identification of FoAV1, a novel mycovirus with a four-segment dsRNA genome.
- FoAV1 classified as a new member of the proposed family "Alternaviridae", with phylogenetic analysis revealing four distinct clades.
- dsRNA4 segment found to be dispensable for replication, suggesting a satellite-like role.
- FoAV1 demonstrated significant biological control of Fusarium wilt in experimental settings.
Conclusions:
- FoAV1 represents a novel alternavirus with implications for the classification and evolution of the family "Alternaviridae".
- The dispensable dsRNA4 segment may play a role in alternavirus evolution.
- FoAV1 shows promise as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum, offering a sustainable approach to disease management.
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