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Metabolic Modifications by Common Respiratory Viruses and Their Potential as New Antiviral Targets

Jens Kleinehr1, Janine J Wilden1, Yvonne Boergeling1

  • 1Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany.

Viruses
|October 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory viruses alter host cell metabolism, including glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis, for replication. This review explores metabolic changes induced by common respiratory viruses, identifying therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Respiratory viruses are frequent causes of human lung infections.
  • Viral replication is host-dependent, influencing host cell signaling.
  • Viruses actively induce cellular functions, like metabolic pathways, to benefit replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize metabolic pathway modifications induced by acute respiratory viruses.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic targets and compounds for viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on respiratory virus-mediated metabolic changes.
  • Focus on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), influenza virus (IV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), coronavirus (CoV), and adenovirus (AdV).

Main Results:

  • Respiratory viruses significantly impact host cell metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis (FAS), and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
  • Specific modifications vary depending on the virus.
  • These metabolic alterations are crucial for efficient viral replication.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding virus-induced metabolic reprogramming is key to developing novel antiviral therapies.
  • Targeting these modified metabolic pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy against respiratory viral infections.
Keywords:
host targeted antiviralsmetabolismrespiratory viruses

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