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[From movements to tics: neurophysiologic aspects].

M Gonce

    Revue Neurologique
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Electrophysiological assessments offer objective data for classifying tics, distinguishing simple and complex tics based on EMG activity. These studies reveal tics as abnormal automatic movements, suggesting underlying cortico-subcortical dysfunction in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Clinical Neurology

    Context:

    • Current classification of tics relies on subjective clinical data.
    • Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) pathogenesis remains debated, with opposing organogenetic and psychogenetic theories.
    • The involuntary nature of tics is still under discussion.

    Purpose:

    • To explore the utility of neurophysiological assessments in analyzing tic pathophysiology.
    • To provide objective data for tic classification and understanding GTS.

    Summary:

    • Simple tics exhibit short EMG bursts (<100 ms), while complex tics show prolonged EMG activity.
    • Reciprocal antagonist muscle activation may or may not be present in both tic types.
    • EEG abnormalities are common in GTS (25-75%) but lack specificity.

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  • Absence of normal premovement EEG potentials in simple tics suggests physiological distinctness from willed movements.
  • Sleep studies indicate persistent tics across all sleep stages, disrupting normal sleep patterns.

    • Impact:

    • Electrophysiological data supports classifying tics as true abnormal automatic movements.
    • Findings highlight the diversity of tic manifestations.
    • Suggests a potential biochemical cortico-subcortical dysfunction in GTS pathogenesis.