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The Encapsulation of Cell-free Transcription and Translation Machinery in Vesicles for the Construction of Cellular Mimics

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enabled bio-applications: A critical review.

Yikun Huang¹, Mu-Ping Nieh², Wilfred Chen³

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

|October 26, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from bacteria offer versatile platforms for biomedical applications. Genetic modifications enhance their safety and functionality for uses in vaccination, drug delivery, and diagnostics.

Keywords:

bioimaging drug delivery enzyme carrier immunoassay immunotherapy outer membrane vesicles vaccine

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanomedicine
Microbiology

Background:

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale lipid bilayer vesicles released by Gram-negative bacteria.
Their composition resembles the bacterial membrane, making them attractive for bio-applications.
Natural OMVs contain endotoxic lipopolysaccharides, potentially limiting clinical use.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in the functionalization of OMVs.
To highlight diverse biomedical applications of genetically engineered OMVs.
To discuss future trends in OMV-based technologies.

Main Methods:

Genetic engineering of bacteria to modify OMV properties.
Functionalization of OMVs with therapeutic or diagnostic moieties.
Review of existing literature on OMV applications and performance.

Main Results:

Genetic modification can reduce OMV endotoxicity and introduce functional proteins.
Engineered OMVs show promise in vaccination, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, and biosensing.
OMVs can serve as effective carriers for enzymes.

Conclusions:

Engineered OMVs represent a promising platform for various biomedical applications.
Further research into OMV functionalization and clinical translation is warranted.
The versatility of OMVs suggests significant future potential in nanomedicine.