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Geometric morphometric analysis for sex determination using lateral cephalograms in Indian population: A preliminary
Abraham Johnson1, Sraddha Singh1, Anju Thomas1
1Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology : JOMFP
|October 27, 2021
Summary
Geometric morphometrics (GMM) revealed significant craniofacial shape variations in an Indian sample, effectively distinguishing sex based on dental occlusion. GMM offers a valuable tool for individual characterization and malocclusion classification.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontic science
- Forensic science
Background:
- Craniofacial structure growth and development are central to orthodontic science.
- Geometric morphometrics (GMM) is an emerging technique for shape analysis, particularly in forensic applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate craniofacial shape variation in an Indian population sample.
- To evaluate sexual dimorphism using two-dimensional Geometric Morphometrics (GMM).
Main Methods:
- Utilized 105 lateral cephalograms from Angle's Class I malocclusion patients (54 males, 51 females).
- Applied principal component (PC) analysis and discriminant analysis for shape assessment.
Main Results:
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explained over 96% of the total shape variation.
- The first three PCs were statistically significant, accounting for 58.37% of the variability (PC1: 28.48%, PC2: 18.83%, PC3: 11.06%).
Conclusions:
- Individual sex was strongly correlated with dental occlusion patterns and exhibited notable variation.
- GMM serves as a viable research tool for individual characterization and malocclusion classification.
