Cryptococcosis with Tuberculosis: Overlooked Coinfections
Christina S Suresh1, Marilyn M Ninan1, Anand Zachariah2
1Department of Clinical Microbiology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|October 27, 2021
Summary
Concurrent tuberculosis and cryptococcosis infections are rare in immunocompromised patients. This study reports five cases in southern India, highlighting the need for high clinical suspicion for early diagnosis and management of these opportunistic infections.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcosis are significant opportunistic infections.
- These infections disproportionately affect immunocompromised individuals, leading to high morbidity and mortality.
- Concurrent infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans are seldom reported.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report cases of concurrent Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans coinfection.
- To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and management in immunocompromised patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series.
- Culture-proven diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans.
- Inpatient data from a tertiary care hospital in southern India (2007-2019).
Main Results:
- Five cases of culture-proven coinfection were identified.
- Four patients were living with HIV infection.
- One patient had immune suppression due to chronic renal disease.
Conclusions:
- Coinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans can occur in immunocompromised individuals.
- High clinical suspicion is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management.
- Early recognition improves outcomes for patients with these dual opportunistic infections.
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