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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
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Disjunctive inference in preverbal infants.

Milad Ekramnia1,2, Jacques Mehler2, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz1

  • 1Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CNRS ERL 9003, INSERM U992, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.

Iscience
|October 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ten-month-old infants demonstrate logical reasoning, specifically disjunctive inference, by correctly identifying entities after elimination. This suggests early cognitive abilities in preverbal infants are not language-dependent.

Keywords:
Behavioral NeuroscienceBiological ScienceCognitive neuroscienceNeuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Infant Cognition

Background:

  • Preverbal infants' cognitive abilities are increasingly understood.
  • Logical reasoning, such as disjunctive inference, is crucial for understanding the world.
  • The role of language in early logical reasoning remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether 10-month-old infants can perform disjunctive inference.
  • To determine if disjunctive inference in infants relies on linguistic constructs.
  • To assess cognitive load during logical inference in preverbal infants.

Main Methods:

  • Infants were presented with an ambiguous auditory-visual pairing (female voice, two faces).
  • A disambiguation phase involved one face paired with a male voice.
  • Infant face preference and pupillary response (cognitive load) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Infants showed a preference for the correct face after disambiguation.
  • Pupillary responses indicated cognitive load during the inference process.
  • Three control experiments ruled out alternative explanations.

Conclusions:

  • Ten-month-old infants can perform disjunctive inference.
  • This logical ability appears to be independent of linguistic structures.
  • Early logical reasoning in infants develops prior to complex language acquisition.