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Pre-hospital intraosseous use in children: Indications and success rate

Amy Ting1, Karen Smith2,3,4, Catherine L Wilson5

  • 1Emergency Department, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Emergency Medicine Australasia : EMA
|October 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Intraosseous (IO) needle insertion is a successful pre-hospital emergency procedure for children. Paramedics achieved a 96.7% success rate in critical pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Pre-hospital Care
  • Critical Care Access

Background:

  • Intraosseous (IO) needle insertion provides rapid vascular access.
  • Effective in pediatric emergencies when intravenous access is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the effectiveness and success rate of pre-hospital IO needle insertion in children.
  • Identify common indications for IO use in pediatric emergencies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 12-month pre-hospital care records.
  • Analysis of IO attempts in children under 18 years by Ambulance Victoria paramedics.

Main Results:

  • 60 pediatric cases with recorded IO outcomes were analyzed.
  • Successful IO placement achieved in 96.7% (58/60) of cases.
  • Common indications included cardiorespiratory arrest (67.2%) and status epilepticus (19%).

Conclusions:

  • Pre-hospital IO placement in children, though uncommon, demonstrates a high success rate.
  • IO access is a valuable intervention in critical pediatric pre-hospital scenarios.
Abstract

Keywords:
emergency medicineintraosseouspaediatric

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