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COVID-19 in Early Life: Infants and Children Are Affected Too

Sandra L Leibel1, Xin Sun1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California.

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
|October 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are often asymptomatic but can develop severe disease. This review examines the physiological impacts of COVID-19 on children, particularly those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Children exhibit lower SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and milder symptoms than adults.
  • COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affects children, especially those with lower socioeconomic status.
  • Understanding the physiological effects of SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological impacts of COVID-19 in children.
  • To highlight the unique challenges faced by children during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric COVID-19 cases.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on physiological responses to SARS-CoV-2 in children.

Main Results:

  • Children generally experience less severe SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to adults.
  • Asymptomatic infection is common in pediatric cases.
  • Severe COVID-19 and long-term physiological effects can occur in children.
  • Socioeconomic factors influence the impact and severity of COVID-19 in children.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 presents distinct physiological challenges for children.
  • Early life impacts of SARS-CoV-2 warrant further investigation.
  • Addressing socioeconomic disparities is essential for mitigating pandemic effects on children.

Keywords:
COVID-19MIS-Cchildrengrowth and developmentinfants

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