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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Fission is the division of a single entity into two or more parts, which regenerate into separate entities that resemble the original. Organisms in the Archaea and Bacteria domains reproduce using binary fission, in which a parent cell splits into two parts that can each grow to the size of the original parent cell. This asexual method of reproduction produces cells that are all genetically identical.
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Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
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Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
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Analysis of Commitment Point Attainment in Algae Dividing by Multiple Fission.

Veronika Kselíková1,2, Vilém Zachleder1, Kateřina Bišová3

  • 1Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study details a simple, low-cost method for analyzing cell cycle commitment points in microalgae. The protocol enables monitoring of cell division and the effects of compounds on microalgal cell cycle progression.

Keywords:
Cell cycleCell divisionChlamydomonasCommitment pointGreen algaeMultiple fission

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Area of Science:

  • * Cell Biology
  • * Phycology
  • * Microbiology

Background:

  • * Understanding microalgal cell division is crucial for various biotechnological applications.
  • * Existing methods for analyzing cell cycle progression in microalgae can be complex or require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide a detailed, accessible protocol for commitment point analysis in microalgae undergoing multiple fission.
  • * To offer a reliable method for monitoring cell cycle progression in both control and treated microalgal cultures.

Main Methods:

  • * The protocol involves culturing committed microalgal cells under favorable dark conditions to observe division.
  • * It allows for the monitoring of cell cycle progression and the impact of various chemical compounds.
  • * The method is designed to be easily modifiable for diverse research objectives.

Main Results:

  • * The developed protocol is easy to follow, cost-effective, and does not require specialized instrumentation.
  • * It yields reliable results within a reasonable timeframe.
  • * The guide includes step-by-step instructions, theoretical explanations, and troubleshooting advice.

Conclusions:

  • * This work presents a practical and adaptable protocol for commitment point analysis in microalgae.
  • * The method facilitates the study of cell cycle regulation and the effects of external agents on microalgal proliferation.
  • * The protocol's simplicity and low cost make it suitable for a wide range of research settings.