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Attentional network changes in subjective cognitive decline.

Mahdieh Esmaeili1, Vahid Nejati2,3, Mohsen Shati4

  • 1Gerontology and Geriatric Department, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran.

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Summary

Older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) show attention processing problems, particularly in the alerting network, distinguishing them from healthy individuals. These findings aid in early diagnosis and intervention for cognitive disorders.

Keywords:
Attention network testMild cognitive impairmentSelective attentionSubjective cognitive decline

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) represents an intermediate stage between normal aging and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • Individuals with SCD often perform similarly to controls on standard cognitive tests.
  • Attention network function in SCD has not been extensively studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate attention network performance in older adults with SCD and MCI.
  • To assess attention networks as potential indicators of cognitive impairment.
  • To compare attention network function across SCD, MCI, and healthy control groups.

Main Methods:

  • The Attention Network Test (ANT) was employed.
  • Examined alerting, orientation, and executive control networks.
  • Compared 17 SCD, 30 MCI, and 15 healthy control participants.

Main Results:

  • Alerting and executive control networks showed significant differences between groups (p < 0.05).
  • SCD group exhibited poorer performance in alerting and executive control compared to controls.
  • The alerting network demonstrated high sensitivity (0.94%) in differentiating SCD from controls.

Conclusions:

  • SCD individuals may experience attention processing deficits, especially in maintaining alertness.
  • These attention problems can occur despite normal neuropsychological test performance.
  • Findings support the use of attention-based assessments for early diagnosis and intervention in at-risk individuals.