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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
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MMP-9 Levels and NaOCl Lavage in Randomized Trial on Direct Pulp Capping.

N V Ballal1, H F Duncan2, D B Wiedemeier3

  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences-Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.

Journal of Dental Research
|October 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Neutrophil biomarker levels can predict direct pulp capping success. Using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) lavage significantly improved pulp survival rates compared to saline in this dental study.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Biomarkers
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Direct pulp capping outcomes are uncertain due to unknown pulp tissue infiltration and breakdown.
  • Pulp tissue breakdown is linked to the innate immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a neutrophil biomarker can predict direct pulp capping success.
  • To evaluate if sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) lavage improves outcomes by removing necrotic pulp tissue.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial involving mature posterior teeth with carious pulpal exposures.
  • Collected pulpal fluid to measure neutrophil gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9]) per total protein (TP) levels.
  • Randomly assigned teeth to receive either 2.5% NaOCl or saline lavage before capping with mineral trioxide aggregate.
Keywords:
biomarkerscaries treatmentendodonticsmatrix metalloproteinasespulpitisvital pulp treatment

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Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

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Main Results:

  • Kaplan-Meier pulp survival rates after 1 year were 55% for saline and 89% for NaOCl lavage.
  • MMP-9/TP levels and NaOCl lavage significantly impacted pulp survival (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively).
  • Mild preoperative discomfort did not significantly affect pulp survival.

Conclusions:

  • MMP-9/TP shows promise as a predictive local biomarker for direct pulp capping.
  • NaOCl lavage significantly enhanced the survival of cariously exposed and directly capped pulps.