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Pill method failures.

M J Sparrow

    The New Zealand Medical Journal
    |February 25, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Reliable oral contraceptive pill users experienced method failures, often linked to diarrhea, vomiting, or antibiotic use. Improved patient instructions are recommended to enhance contraceptive effectiveness.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Clinical Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Oral contraceptives are widely used for pregnancy prevention.
    • Understanding factors contributing to method failure is crucial for effective family planning.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document and analyze cases of oral contraceptive pill method failure in reliable users.
    • To identify predisposing factors associated with contraceptive failure.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study conducted over four years (November 1981 - December 1985).
    • Documented 163 cases of oral contraceptive pill method failures in reliable pill takers.
    • Analyzed associated factors including gastrointestinal issues, breakthrough bleeding, and medication use.

    Main Results:

    Keywords:
    Acceptor CharacteristicsAcceptorsAge FactorsAntibioticsBehaviorBiologyBleedingClinical ResearchContraceptionContraception FailureContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Methods--contraindicationsContraceptive Methods--side effectsContraceptive UsageDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesDiarrheaDiseasesDrugsFamily PlanningFamily Planning ProgramsGastrointestinal EffectsGenital Effects, FemaleGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleMenstruation DisordersMetrorrhagiaNauseaNew ZealandOceaniaOral Contraceptives--contraindicationsOral Contraceptives--side effectsPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsResearch MethodologySigns And SymptomsSmokingSocial BehaviorTreatmentUrogenital EffectsUrogenital SystemVomiting

    Related Experiment Videos

    • 36% of failures had no identifiable predisposing factors.
    • Diarrhea and/or vomiting were associated with 35% of failures.
    • Antibiotic use was linked to 23% of failures, and anticonvulsant medication to two failures.
    • Breakthrough bleeding on combined pills was associated with 21% of failures.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastrointestinal disturbances, antibiotic use, and breakthrough bleeding are significant factors in oral contraceptive pill failure.
    • Even reliable users can experience method failure, highlighting the need for comprehensive patient education.
    • Recommendations are proposed for enhancing patient instructions regarding oral contraceptive use and potential interactions.