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Related Concept Videos

Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

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Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of...
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Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP
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The Cohesin Complex and Its Interplay with Non-Coding RNAs.

Merve Kuru-Schors1, Monika Haemmerle2, Tony Gutschner1

  • 1Junior Research Group 'RNA Biology and Pathogenesis', Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany.

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The cohesin complex, crucial for DNA repair and gene regulation, interacts with non-coding RNAs. This review explores cohesin

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CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The cohesin complex is vital for sister chromatid cohesion, DNA repair, and chromosome architecture.
  • Cohesin influences gene expression and organismal development across species.
  • Its functions are modulated by protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and DNA modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a condensed overview of cohesin complex architecture and function.
  • To highlight the emerging role of non-coding RNAs in cohesin regulation.
  • To explore the interplay between cohesin and both short and long non-coding RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cohesin complex functions.
  • Analysis of studies on non-coding RNA interactions with cohesin.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on cohesin-DNA and cohesin-RNA interactions.

Main Results:

  • Cohesin's roles extend beyond sister chromatid cohesion to gene regulation and DNA repair.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as key regulators of cohesin.
  • Both short and long ncRNAs influence cohesin's function and expression.

Conclusions:

  • Cohesin is a multifunctional complex with critical roles in genome stability and gene expression.
  • Non-coding RNAs represent a significant layer of regulation for the cohesin complex.
  • Further research into cohesin-ncRNA interactions is essential for understanding gene regulation and development.