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Sympathetic Ophthalmia: Where Do We Currently Stand on Treatment Strategies?
Vivek Paulbuddhe1, Sujit Addya1, Bharat Gurnani2
1Department of Vitreoretina, ASG Eye Hospital, Guwahati, 781006, Assam, India.
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|October 28, 2021
Summary
Sympathetic ophthalmia, a rare eye inflammation after trauma, requires prompt treatment. Advances in diagnosis and therapies like biologics improve vision outcomes for both affected eyes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
Background:
- Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare, bilateral granulomatous panuveitis.
- It typically follows ocular trauma or surgery, presenting with varied visual symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of sympathetic ophthalmia.
- To emphasize current treatment strategies and recent advancements.
Main Methods:
- Clinical diagnosis is primary.
- Ancillary investigations include angiography (fluorescein, indocyanine green), OCT, ultrasound, and autofluorescence imaging.
Main Results:
- Anterior segment findings: uveitis, keratic precipitates.
- Posterior segment findings: vitritis, retinal detachment, choroiditis, optic nerve edema, Dalen-Fuchs nodules.
Conclusions:
- Corticosteroids and immunomodulatory therapy are first-line treatments.
- Recent advances include OCT-angiography, EDI-OCT, targeting IL-23/IL-17, and biologics.
- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment improve visual outcomes.
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