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Modulus characterization of cells with submicron colloidal probes by atomic force microscope.

Xiaojiao Lei1, Huiqin Li2, Yao Han2

  • 1School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Microscopy Research and Technique
|October 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Submicron colloidal probes offer stable cellular modulus measurements, unlike sharp tips sensitive to loading speed. These probes reveal detailed cell mechanics across various indentation depths.

Keywords:
atomic force microscopycellcolloidal probefocused ion beammodulussubmicron

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is crucial for characterizing cellular mechanical properties.
  • Colloidal probes offer advantages over sharp tips for cell modulus measurement due to their defined geometry and larger contact area.
  • Understanding cell mechanics is vital for diagnosing diseases and developing treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and evaluate submicron colloidal probes for accurate cellular modulus characterization.
  • To compare the performance of submicron colloidal probes with sharp tips and micron colloidal probes.
  • To investigate the influence of loading velocity and indentation depth on measured elastic modulus.

Main Methods:

  • Submicron colloidal probes were fabricated using scanning electron microscopy/focused ion beam.
  • Atomic force microscopy was employed to measure the apparent elastic modulus of NIM and cartilage cells.
  • Experiments were conducted using sharp tips, micron colloidal probes, and submicron colloidal probes under varying loading velocities and indentation depths.

Main Results:

  • Colloidal probes demonstrated stable modulus measurements, independent of loading velocity, unlike sharp tips.
  • Submicron colloidal probes showed superiority in characterizing modulus with increasing indentation depth, providing insights into cell membrane and whole cell mechanics.
  • High-resolution modulus mapping of cells was achieved using submicron colloidal probes at different indentation depths.

Conclusions:

  • Submicron colloidal probes are effective tools for reliable cellular mechanical property characterization.
  • The choice of probe and experimental parameters (loading velocity, indentation depth) significantly impacts the accuracy of cell modulus measurements.
  • This study provides a foundation for utilizing submicron colloidal probes to reveal intricate cellular mechanical details.