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Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
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Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation01:21

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Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
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The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
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Aggression and criminality in androgen abusers.

Razieh Chegeni1, Ståle Pallesen1,2, Dominic Sagoe1

  • 1Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|October 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Androgen abuse is linked to aggression and criminality, but this relationship is complex. Factors like cognition, neurobiology, and study methods mediate the effects of androgens on behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral science
  • Neuroscience
  • Forensic psychology

Background:

  • Androgen abuse is a growing concern with potential links to antisocial behaviors.
  • Understanding the relationship between androgens and aggression is crucial for public health and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-synthesize recent literature (2019-2021) on aggression and criminality in androgen abusers.
  • To identify patterns, mediating factors, and knowledge gaps in the current evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search identifying 13 empirical human studies.
  • Categorization of studies by methodology: meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trial, cross-sectional studies, and case reports.

Main Results:

  • A positive association exists between androgen administration and aggression in some abusers.
  • Aggression and criminality patterns vary, and the relationship is mediated by cognitive, neurobiological, personality, and polypharmacy factors.
  • Methodological factors, including study design and measurement, also influence observed relationships.

Conclusions:

  • The link between androgen abuse and aggression/criminality is supported but complex and multifactorial.
  • Further research is needed to clarify causal pathways and develop targeted interventions.
  • Clinical and forensic implications require careful consideration of mediating variables.