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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
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Medication Adherence in Patients With Glaucoma and Disability.

Chiun-Ho Hou1,2,3,4, Christy Pu2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.

JAMA Ophthalmology
|October 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Disability can reduce glaucoma medication adherence, particularly for individuals with limb disabilities, dementia, or those in a vegetative state. Targeted policies are needed to address these disparities in medication adherence for glaucoma patients with specific disabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • People with disabilities often exhibit lower medication adherence.
  • Glaucoma medication adherence in individuals with disabilities remains understudied.
  • Understanding disability's impact on glaucoma treatment is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if disability is associated with reduced glaucoma medication adherence.
  • To determine if the impact of disability on glaucoma medication adherence varies by disability type.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study in Taiwan utilized National Health Insurance claims data.
  • 46,468 glaucoma patients were analyzed, comparing those with newly acquired disabilities to matched controls without disabilities.
  • Medication adherence was assessed via glaucoma medication refills and outpatient visit frequencies over 1- and 2-year intervals.

Main Results:

  • While overall outpatient visits were higher post-disability, specific disabilities significantly lowered adherence.
  • Limb disability, vegetative state, and dementia were linked to fewer outpatient visits and reduced medication adherence (up to 17.60% lower).
  • Individuals with visual disability showed increased glaucoma outpatient visits compared to those without disabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Certain disabilities, including limb impairment, dementia, and vegetative state, are associated with decreased glaucoma medication adherence.
  • Interventions aimed at improving glaucoma medication adherence should consider the specific challenges faced by individuals with these types of disabilities.
  • Healthcare policies should be tailored to support medication adherence among glaucoma patients with diverse disabilities.