Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
Published on: June 20, 2020
Comparing self-reported vs. parent/caregiver reported levels of social participation for young adults with
Elena Wong Espiritu1, Natalie N Michaels1, Kathryn Schmidt1
1Belmont University, USA.
Background:
This study focused on the level of satisfaction of social participation reported by young adults with intellectual disabilities, and the comparison of these levels to those reported by their caregivers.
Methods:
Fifteen young adults with intellectual disabilities and their parents/caregivers completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Satisfaction with Participation in Discretionary Social Activities-Calibrated Items (PROMIS SF-Social Sat DSA) and the Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities-Short Form (Neuro-QoL SF).
Results:
Reports from these young adults were compatible to that of the general population. There was general agreement on the Social Sat DSA between the individuals and their caregivers, but there were differences between groups on the Neuro-QoL SF, with the caregivers typically giving higher scores (p = .025).
Conclusion:
This pilot study demonstrates the importance of involving both the individuals with intellectual disabilities, and their parents/caregivers when conducting survey research. Further research is encouraged.
Related Concept Videos
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Intellectual Disability
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Social Foundations of Self III: Self-Evaluation

