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A scoping review of global aminoglycoside antibiotic overuse: A potential opportunity for primary ototoxicity

Lauren K Dillard1, Cecilia Z Wu2, James E Saunders3

  • 1Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP
|October 29, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Aminoglycoside antibiotic overuse, including self-medication and non-prescription access, is common globally. This widespread use raises concerns about potential ototoxicity, necessitating further research.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Global Health
  • Antibiotic Stewardship

Background:

  • Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum antibiotics with a high risk of ototoxicity.
  • Global health initiatives must address the overuse and non-prescription use of these drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence of aminoglycoside overuse, including self-medication, over-the-counter (OTC) availability, and household storage.
  • To identify specific aminoglycosides overused and predictors of overuse.
  • To assess the potential risk of ototoxicity associated with aminoglycoside overuse.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted systematic literature searches for peer-reviewed articles published between 2005 and 2020.
  • Focused searches on aminoglycoside antibiotic overuse and ototoxic effects related to overuse.
  • Synthesized evidence from 26 included articles.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of aminoglycoside self-medication, household storage, and OTC availability was observed.
  • Gentamicin was the most frequently overused aminoglycoside.
  • No studies reported on antibiotic dosing or resultant toxicities, including ototoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic overuse, particularly in low-resource settings, is common, with aminoglycosides forming a significant portion of non-prescribed antibiotics.
  • Further research is required to establish the link between current dispensing patterns and ototoxicity.
Keywords:
Adverse drug eventsDeafnessDrug toxicityHearing lossPrevention

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