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Area of Science:

  • Health behavior
  • Organizational psychology
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Organizations utilize Health Self-Management Applications (HSMAs) to encourage healthy lifestyles through feedback on employee behaviors.
  • Self-Determination Theory provides a framework to understand employee motivation and autonomy in health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically investigate the assumption that HSMAs enhance employee autonomy in self-regulating health-related behaviors.
  • To explore the moderating roles of feedback type and Body Mass Index (BMI) on the relationship between HSMA use and perceived autonomy.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase experimental study involving a 4-week HSMA intervention in a healthcare setting.
  • Manipulation of feedback type (performance vs. developmental) with pretest and posttest measurements of perceived autonomy.
  • Qualitative interviews to understand the influence of feedback and BMI on autonomy.

Main Results:

  • HSMA use did not significantly increase perceived autonomy and, in some cases, reduced it.
  • Developmental feedback yielded more positive outcomes for perceived autonomy compared to performance feedback alone.
  • Employees with higher BMI reported a greater loss of autonomy compared to those with lower BMI.

Conclusions:

  • The core assumption that HSMAs inherently increase employee autonomy requires re-evaluation.
  • Feedback design and individual health characteristics (like BMI) significantly moderate the impact of HSMAs on perceived autonomy.
  • Future HSMA development should consider personalized feedback strategies and individual health contexts to genuinely support employee self-regulation.