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Venus Flagship Mission Concept: A Decadal Survey Study.

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Venus offers key insights into Earth-size planet evolution and habitability. The Venus الفريق (VFM) mission will investigate its past habitable phase and volatile element history to understand how worlds like ours form and persist.

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrobiology
  • Astrogeology

Background:

  • Venus is crucial for understanding Earth-size planet evolution and habitability.
  • Venus presents a unique case study of a different volatile element history compared to Earth.
  • Understanding Venus's evolution is key to identifying mechanisms that create and sustain habitable worlds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Venus evolved through a potentially habitable phase.
  • To determine the role of volatile elements in shaping habitable worlds.
  • To identify mechanisms governing the habitability of Earth-size planets.

Main Methods:

  • The Venus الفريق (VFM) concept utilizes five collaborative platforms: Orbiter, Lander, Aerobot, and two Small Satellites.
  • Multiple instruments will conduct high-precision, long-term measurements of Venus's exosphere, atmosphere, and surface.
  • Synergistic measurements from landed, descent, aerial, and orbital platforms will analyze atmospheric composition and surface mineralogy.

Main Results:

  • VFM will provide the first mineralogy and geochemistry of Venus's tessera terrain, crucial for understanding past habitable conditions.
  • Atmospheric composition will be measured, with the Aerobot operating for 60 days in the Venusian clouds.
  • The mission will constrain volatile loss mechanisms using SmallSats in key orbits.

Conclusions:

  • VFM will yield the first measurements of seismicity, remanent magnetism, and include a 60-day surface platform and a life-detection instrument.
  • The mission directly addresses Venus Exploration Analysis Group (VEXAG) goals and NASA's 2020 Science Plan objectives.
  • Synergistic data will revolutionize our understanding of the evolution of Earth-size planets and our solar system.